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Controversies of the Polish–Soviet War
Controversies of the Polish-Soviet War, fought in 1919–20, concern the behaviour of the military forces and crimes they committed. Each side charged the other with violations of international law in an effort to sway public opinion in the West, which was felt to be important for both sides.
==Prisoners of war==
During this war between two countries experiencing great socioeconomic difficulties, and often unable to care for their own populations, the treatment of prisoners of war was far from adequate,〔 Waldemar Rezmer, Zbigniew Karpus, Gennadij Matvejev, ''"Krasnoarmieitsy v polskom plenu v 1919–1922 g. Sbornik dokumentov i materialov"'', Federal Agency for Russian Archives, Moscow 2004〕〔 Karpus, Zbigniew, ''Jeńcy i internowani rosyjscy i ukraińscy na terenie Polski w latach 1918–1924'' (Russian and Ukrainian Prisoners of War and Internees in Poland, 1918–1924), Toruń 1997, ISBN 83-7174-020-4. (Polish table of contents online ). English translation available: ''Russian and Ukrainian Prisoners of War and Internees in Poland, 1918–1924'', Wydawn. Adam Marszałek, 2001, ISBN 83-7174-956-2;〕〔 Karpus, Zbigniew, Alexandrowicz Stanisław, Waldemar Rezmer, ''Zwycięzcy za drutami. Jeńcy polscy w niewoli (1919–1922). Dokumenty i materiały'' (Victors Behind Barbed Wire: Polish Prisoners of War, 1919–1922: Documents and materials), Toruń, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu, 1995, ISBN 83-231-0627-4.〕 with tens of thousands on both sides dying of communicable diseases. Between 16,000 to 20,000 of Soviet POWs – out of 80,000 – died in Polish camps;〔(POLISH-RUSSIAN FINDINGS ON THE SITUATION OF RED ARMY SOLDIERS IN POLISH CAPTIVITY (1919–1922) )〕 and a similar number of Polish POWs – out of about 51,000 – died in Soviet and Lithuanian camps.〔
After 1922 Polish and Russian prisoners were exchanged between the two sides. Ekaterina Peshkova, the chairwoman of the organization ''Assistance to Political Prisoners'' (Pompolit, ''Помощь политическим заключенным'', Помполит).〔http://2002.novayagazeta.ru/nomer/2002/81n/n81n-s39.shtml〕 was recognised by the Polish Red Cross for her participation in the exchange of POWs after the Polish-Soviet War.〔 Yaroslav Leontiev ''(''Dear Ekaterina Pavlovna )'', Russian Germany, N24 -2005〕〔 (''Fighters for the Human Rights'' ), Novaya Gazeta, N81, 2002〕
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